Fire Classes , Reasons of Fire , Hazards at the Fire Place

1. Fire Classes

There are six main fire classes according to the fuel source. A, B, C, D, E and F they are the main fire classes.
Class A Fires = Class A fires are fires in ordinary combustibles such as tree, board , furniture, paper and many plastics.
Class B Fires = Also called Liquid Fires .Class B fires are fires in flammable liquids such as gasoline, diesel, paint etc. Class B fires also include flammable gases but do not include cooking oils etc.
Class C Fires = Also called Gas Fires. Class C fires are identified by the presence of a burning gas. Most common flammable gases involved in fires are Natural gas , Methane , Propane , Lpg etc.
Class D Fires = Class D fires are fires in light and active metals such as aleminium ,iron burrs etc.

Fires Classes	Class A	Class B	Class C	Class D	Class E
Type	Solid	Liquid	Gas	Metals	Electric
Flammable Material	wood, charcoal	fuel	natural gas, LPG	Mg, Al	electrical installation
Extinguishing Method	Cooling	Blocking, Strangulation	Strangulation	Cooling, Strangulation	First electricity is blocked
Extinguishing Material	Water, Foamy extinguisher	Foamy, halon, CO2	Foamy, halon, CO2	Only the extinguisher including D powder	with ABC powder, holocarbon powder extinguisher

 Class E Fires = Class E fires are fires involving energized electical equipment such as computers, servers, motors etc.
Class F Fires = Class K fires are fires in cooking oils and greases such as animal and vegetable fats.

2. Reasons of Fire

 There can be a many reason for fires and In the part 1 I put every types of fires according to the their sources. But I found most popular fire reasons. This list belongs to real insurance. Here is the most common causes of house fires. Cooking Equipment ,Heating , Smoking in Bedrooms , Electrical equiqments , Candles , Curious Children, Faulty wiring, Barbeques , Flammable Liquids Lighting ,etc.

3. Hazards at the Fire Place

• Class A hazard Areas of use or fuel sources where Class A fires can be expected, including materials such as wood, fabric, paper, rubber and many plastics.
• Class B hazard Fuel sources in which Class B fires may be expected, including materials such as oils, greases and paints.
• Class C hazard Fuel sources where Class C fires can be expected to occur, including materials such as natural gas and propane gas.
•  Class D hazard Fuel sources where Class D fires can be expected to occur, including      materials such as magnesium, sodium and potassium.
• Class F hazard Sources of fuel in which Class F fires can be expected to contain materials in cooking equipment such as combustible cooking material (vegetable or animal fats and fats).

Types of danger

• High degree of danger: Where the total amount of class A combustible materials and class B combustible materials is present; depletion and intermediate hazard occupation time in the warehouse, manufacturing and / or end product is longer than expected.
• Low degree of danger: small amount of furniture, decorations and class A combustible materials.
  NOTE The majority of the parts covered by this classification presume that they are arranged with non-flammable substances. Photocopy machines, art branches and so on. small amounts of Class B combustibles used for the purpose of storage are provided provided they are kept in closed containers and safe storage.
• Moderate hazard: The presence of a class A combustible substance and a class B combustible substance at a place where there is a greater proportion than expected in the period of use.
• Inspection: Preliminary inspection to ensure that a fire extinguisher is present and operational.

NOTE : This inspection is intended to provide appropriate assurance of a fully charged and operable fire extinguisher. It is made by observing that there is no visible damage or condition in the designed place that has not been activated or mixed and that interferes with the process.

• Maintenance: Complete inspection of the fire extinguisher.

NOTE:  This is intended to provide maximum assurance of a fully charged and operable fire extinguisher. This includes any necessary repairs and replacements throughout the inspection. If hydrostatic testing is required, this is usually indicated.

• Rating: The benchmark for the classification and capacity of a fire extinguisher in extinguishing a fire.
• Distance traveled: The distance a person should travel from any point to the most suitable extinguisher.
• Aqueous-type fire extinguisher: A fire-extinguisher containing water, aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) and a water-based medium such as film-forming fluoroprotein (FFFP) and / or antifreeze.

4. Fire Fighting Agents

Water and Foam = Water and Foam fire extinnguishers extinguish the fire by taking away the heat element of the fire triangle Foam agents also separate the oxygen element from the other elements. Water extinguishers are for Class A fires only - they should not be used on Class B or C fires. The discharge stream could spread the flammable liquid in a Class B fire or could create a shock hazard on a Class C fire
Carbon Dioxide = Carbon Dioxide fire extinguishers extinguish fire by taking away the oxygen element of the fire triangle and also be removing the heat with a very cold discharge. Carbon dioxide can be used on Class B & C fires. They are usually ineffective on Class A fires.
Dry Chemical = Dry Chemical fire extinguishers extinguish the fire primarily by interrupting the chemical reaction of the fire triangle. Today's most widely used type of fire extinguisher is the multipurpose dry chemical that is effective on Class A, B, and C fires. This agent also works by creating a barrier between the oxygen element and the fuel element on Class A fires. Ordinary dry chemical is for Class B & C fires only. It is important to use the correct extinguisher for the type of fuel
Wet Chemical = Wet Chemical is a new agent that extinguishes the fire by removing the heat of the fire triangle and  prevents re-ignition by creating a barrier between the oxygen and fuel elements. Wet chemical of Class K extinguishers were developed for modern, high efficiency deep fat fryers in commercial cooking operations. Some may also be used on Class A fires in commercial kitchens.
Clean Agent = Halogenated or Clean Agent extinguishers include the halon agents as well as the newer and less ozone depleting halocarbon agents. They extinguish the fire by interrupting the chemical reaction of the fire triangle. Clean agent extinguishers are primarily for Class B & C fires. Some larger clean agent extinguishers can be used on Class A, B, and C fires.
Dry Powder = Dry Powder extinguishers are similar to dry chemical except that they extinguish the fire by separating the fuel from the oxygen element or by removing the heat element of the fire triangle. However, dry powder extinguishers are for Class D or combustible metal fires, only. They are ineffective on all other classes of fires.
Water Mist = Water Mist extinguishers are a recent development that extinguish the fire by taking away the heat element of the fire triangle. They are an alternative to the clean agent extinguishers where contamination is a concern. Water mist extinguishers are primarily for Class A fires, although they are safe for use on Class C fires as well.
Cartridge Operated Dry Chemical = Cartridge Operated Dry Chemical fire extinguishers extinguish the fire primarily by interrupting the chemical reaction of the fire triangle. Like the stored pressure dry chemical extinguishers, the multipurpose dry chemical is effective on lass A, B. and C fires. This agent also works by creating a barrier between the oxygen element and the fuel element on Class A fires. Ordinary dry chemical is for Class B & C fires only. It is important to use the correct extinguisher for the type of fuel! Using the incorrect agent can allow the fire to re-ignite after apparently being extinguished successfully.

5. Fire Fighting Devices

General Fire Fighting Devices
Fire fighting systems and equipment vary depending on the age, size, use and type of building construction. A building may contain some or all of the following features:

• fire extinguishers
• fire hose reels
• fire hydrant systems
• automatic sprinkler systems.

Fire extinguishers
Fire extinguishers are provided for a 'first attack' fire fighting measure, generally undertaken by the occupants of the building before the fire service arrives. It is important that occupants are familiar with which extinguisher type to use on which fire.
The principle fire extinguisher types currently available include:

Extinguishing Agent	Principle Use
Water	wood and paper fires - not electrical
Foam	flammable liquid fires - not electrical
Carbon dioxide	electrical fires
Dry Chemical	flammable liquids and electrical fires
Wet chemical	fat fires - not electrical
Special Purpose	various (eg metal fires)

Fire hose reels
Fire hose reels are provided for use by occupants as a first attack fire fighting measure but may, in some instances, also be used by firefighters.
Fire hydrant systems
Fire hydrant systems are installed in buildings to help firefighters quickly attack the fire. Essentially, a hydrant system is a water reticulation system used to transport water in order to limit the amount of hose that firefighters have to lay, thus speeding up the fire fighting process.
Automatic Sprinkler Systems
Time is essential in the control of fire. Automatic sprinkler systems are one of the most reliable methods available for controlling fires. Today's automatic fire sprinkler systems offer state of the art protection of life and property from the effects of fire. Sprinkler heads are now available which are twenty times more sensitive to fire than they were ten years ago.